Standard Library

Bytes

The Bytes type represents binary data. It is used across the filesystem, HTTP, and crypto modules for binary I/O. The bytes module is not needed for basic usage - Bytes is a built-in type - but it provides encoding and decoding utilities.

import crypto
import fs

# Binary file I/O
let raw: Bytes = fs.read_bytes("image.png").unwrap()
fs.write_bytes("copy.png", raw).unwrap()

# Crypto operations accept and return Bytes
let hash = crypto.sha256(raw)
print(hash.hex())

Encoding

FunctionReturnsDescription
crypto.base64_encode(b)StrEncode bytes as base64 string
crypto.base64_decode(s)BytesDecode base64 string to bytes
crypto.hex_encode(b)StrEncode bytes as hex string
crypto.hex_decode(s)BytesDecode hex string to bytes

String convenience variants (base64_encode_str, hex_encode_str, etc.) accept and return Str for text-only workflows.

Binary I/O

ModuleFunctionDescription
fsread_bytes(path)Read file as Bytes
fswrite_bytes(path, data)Write Bytes to file
httpresponse .body_bytes()HTTP response body as Bytes
cryptorandom_bytes(n)Generate n random bytes
← Random
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